{"id":33,"date":"2006-09-10T23:03:15","date_gmt":"2006-09-10T23:03:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blekhonnun.is\/fornleifafelag\/?p=33"},"modified":"2006-09-10T23:03:15","modified_gmt":"2006-09-10T23:03:15","slug":"fornleifarannsoknir-a-litlu-nupum-i-adaldal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/fornleifafelag.is\/?p=33","title":{"rendered":"Fornleifaranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 Litlu N\u00fapum \u00ed A\u00f0aldal"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hi\u00f0 \u00deingeyska fornleifaf\u00e9lag st\u00f3\u00f0 a\u00f0 fornleifaranns\u00f3knum \u00e1 Litlu N\u00fapum \u00ed A\u00f0aldal n\u00fa \u00ed sumar og lauk \u00feeim ranns\u00f3knum fyrir sk\u00f6mmu. \u00deegar keyrt er til H\u00fasav\u00edkur \u00far su\u00f0ri, fram hj\u00e1 flugvellinum \u00ed A\u00f0aldalshrauni reka gl\u00f6ggir fer\u00f0alangar gjarnan augun \u00ed fornlegar r\u00fastir \u00ed gr\u00f6sugum hvammi austan megin vi\u00f0 Lax\u00e1, gegnt flugvellinum. R\u00fastirnar fanga auga\u00f0, ekki s\u00edst vegna \u00feess hve mikil gar\u00f0l\u00f6g umlykja sta\u00f0inn og \u00fear er gr\u00f3ska meiri en \u00ed m\u00f3unum umhverfis. Umr\u00e6ddur sta\u00f0ur hefur \u00e1 seinni \u00f6ldum gengi\u00f0 undir nafninu Litlu-N\u00fapar, enda voru r\u00fastirnar upphaflega \u00ed landi N\u00fapa og jafnvel talinn landn\u00e1msbygg\u00f0 nor\u00f0arlega \u00ed Hvammshei\u00f0inni vestanver\u00f0ri. N\u00fa tilheyra r\u00fastirnar hins vegar Laxam\u00fdri. R\u00fastirnar \u00e1 Litlu-N\u00fapum eru fyrir margra hluta sakir merkilegar. \u00de\u00e6r eru umluktar tveimur, miklum gar\u00f0l\u00f6gum og t\u00fanin sem gar\u00f0arnir afmarka eru \u00f3venjust\u00f3r. Innan t\u00fangir\u00f0ingar er a\u00f0 finna fj\u00f6lmargar t\u00f3ftir og ger\u00f0i sem eru a\u00f0 mestu leyti \u00f3hreyf\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 beitarh\u00fas hafi veri\u00f0 bygg\u00f0 upp \u00e1 t\u00f3ftunum \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0ari \u00f6ldum en \u00feau voru \u00ed notkun til 1913. R\u00fasta ey\u00f0ib\u00fdlisins er fyrst geti\u00f0 \u00ed ritu\u00f0um heimildum um aldam\u00f3tin 1700, \u00ed Jar\u00f0ab\u00f3k \u00c1rna Magn\u00fassonar og P\u00e1ls V\u00eddal\u00edn. \u00dear segir: „Litlunupar kallast fornt ey\u00f0ib\u00f3l hjer \u00ed landinu ut fr\u00e1 heimaj\u00f6r\u00f0inni, sem r\u00f3mast a\u00f0 \u00fear hafi \u00ed fyrndinni sta\u00f0i\u00f0, \u00feo menn viti \u00feess engin sannyndi. S\u00fdnileg bygg\u00edngamerki eru hjer t\u00f3ft og gir\u00f0\u00ednga. \u00c1 \u00fev\u00ed eru munnm\u00e6li a\u00f0 \u00feessi j\u00f6r\u00f0 hafi ey\u00f0ilagst fyrir reimleika. Ekki m\u00e1 hjer aftur byggja fyrir heyskaparleysi, \u00fe\u00f3 er t\u00fanst\u00e6\u00f0i nokku\u00f0“. 1915 fannst kuml vi\u00f0 ytri t\u00fangar\u00f0inn \u00e1 Litlu N\u00fapum og Matth\u00edas \u00de\u00f3r\u00f0arson, \u00fe\u00e1verandi \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0minjav\u00f6r\u00f0ur rannsaka\u00f0i kumli\u00f0 sama \u00e1r og \u00ed lj\u00f3s kom a\u00f0 \u00fear haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 heyg\u00f0 fullor\u00f0in kona, me\u00f0 h\u00f6fu\u00f0 til nor\u00f0urs. Skammt fr\u00e1 kumlinu voru uppbl\u00e1sin bein \u00far tveimur hrossum. Adolf Fri\u00f0riksson fornleifafr\u00e6\u00f0ingur kom \u00e1 Litlu N\u00fapa \u00e1ri\u00f0 2004 og t\u00f3kst a\u00f0 sta\u00f0setja kumli\u00f0 fr\u00e1 1915 a\u00f0 n\u00fdju og frekari athuganir leiddu \u00ed lj\u00f3s tv\u00f6 \u00f6nnur kuml, fast vi\u00f0 mikla g\u00f6tusl\u00f3\u00f0a sem liggja \u00fat \u00far t\u00faninu. Sta\u00f0setningin kemur a\u00f0 heim og saman vi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knir sem ger\u00f0ar hafa veri\u00f0 undanfarin \u00e1r \u00e1 sta\u00f0setningu kumla sem hafa s\u00fdnt a\u00f0 algengast hefur veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 forfe\u00f0ur okkar hafa veri\u00f0 heyg\u00f0ir vi\u00f0 lei\u00f0ir (rei\u00f0lei\u00f0ir\/g\u00f6tur), \u00fdmist \u00ed t\u00fanja\u00f0ri e\u00f0a \u00ed ja\u00f0ri landareigna. \u00dev\u00ed m\u00e1 lei\u00f0a a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed l\u00edkum a\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i vallargar\u00f0ur og g\u00f6tusl\u00f3\u00f0arnir hafi \u00feegar veri\u00f0 fyrir hendi \u00feegar kumlin voru sett ni\u00f0ur og \u00fea\u00f0 bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00e1 Litlu N\u00fapum s\u00e9 a\u00f0 finna b\u00fasetuleifar fr\u00e1 fyrstu \u00f6ldum bygg\u00f0ar. Fornleifaskr\u00e1ning var ger\u00f0 \u00e1 Litlu N\u00fapum sumari\u00f0 2003 og leiddi \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 ytri t\u00fangar\u00f0urinn afmarkar sv\u00e6\u00f0i sem er allt a\u00f0 24 ha a\u00f0 st\u00e6r\u00f0. Innan gar\u00f0sins eru a.m.k. 13 t\u00f3ftir og \u00ferj\u00fa st\u00f3r ger\u00f0i og allar eru t\u00f3ftirnar fornlegar og signar a\u00f0 undanskilinni beitarh\u00fasat\u00f3ftinni en beitarh\u00fasin voru bygg\u00f0 um aldam\u00f3tin 1900. Ranns\u00f3knir sumarsins 2006 mi\u00f0u\u00f0u a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 aldursetja r\u00fastirnar me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 gera k\u00f6nnunarskur\u00f0i og kanna einnig um lei\u00f0 hva\u00f0a mannvistarleifar v\u00e6ri \u00fear a\u00f0 finna og hve lengi b\u00fai\u00f0 hafi veri\u00f0 \u00e1 Litlu N\u00fapum. \u00cd samtali vi\u00f0 Howell M. Roberts sem stj\u00f3rna\u00f0i ranns\u00f3knum \u00e1 Litlu N\u00fapum n\u00fa \u00ed sumar f.h. Fornleifastofnunar \u00cdslands, kom fram a\u00f0 ger\u00f0ir voru k\u00f6nnunarskur\u00f0ir inn \u00ed tv\u00e6r aflangar t\u00f3ftir \u00ed nor\u00f0urhluta minjasv\u00e6\u00f0isins og einnig k\u00f6nnunarskur\u00f0ur \u00ed r\u00e9tthyrnda t\u00f3ft sem tengdist \u00f6\u00f0rum t\u00fangar\u00f0inum. Veggir afl\u00f6gnu bygginganna virtust hafa falli\u00f0 undan halla landsins og \u00ed hvorugri t\u00f3ftinni var a\u00f0 finna g\u00f3lfl\u00f6g sem gjarnan gefa uppl\u00fdsingar um mannvist. L\u00edklegt m\u00e1 telja a\u00f0 b\u00e1\u00f0ar t\u00f3ftirnar s\u00e9u r\u00fastir gripah\u00fasa og b\u00e6\u00f0i voru h\u00fasin reist eftir 950 og komin \u00far notkun l\u00f6ngu fyrir 1477 \u00fe\u00f3 eftir s\u00e9 a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa gj\u00f3skulagagreiningu. \u00cd \u00feri\u00f0ju t\u00f3ftinni sem liggur sams\u00ed\u00f0a t\u00fangar\u00f0inum kom \u00ed lj\u00f3s vel var\u00f0veittur, eins metra \u00feykkur torfveggur sem vir\u00f0ist hafa veri\u00f0 endurger\u00f0ur e\u00f0a lagf\u00e6r\u00f0ur \u00ferisvar sinnum. \u00cd tveimur ne\u00f0ri torfl\u00f6gunum m\u00e1tti sj\u00e1 gj\u00f3sku fr\u00e1 950 og \u00ed efsta laginu var mj\u00f6g \u00feunnt lag af hv\u00edtri gj\u00f3sku sem l\u00edklega er fr\u00e1 1104 e\u00f0a 1158. Yfir \u00f6llu l\u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0an gj\u00f3skulag fr\u00e1 1477. R\u00e9tt er a\u00f0 geta \u00feess a\u00f0 ekki er b\u00fai\u00f0 a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa br\u00e1\u00f0abirg\u00f0agreiningu \u00e1 gj\u00f3skul\u00f6gunum. \u00cd t\u00f3ftinni var einnig a\u00f0 finna mj\u00fakt g\u00f3lflag vi\u00f0 \u00fatveggina sem s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00feynntist er innar dr\u00f3 og vi\u00f0 \u00fatveggina var einnig a\u00f0 finna nokku\u00f0 st\u00f3rar og dj\u00fapar sto\u00f0arholur sem gefa til kynna a\u00f0 byggt hafi veri\u00f0 yfir me\u00f0 vi\u00f0i. Notkun byggingarinnar er ekki lj\u00f3s. Engir munir fundust vi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knirnar og lj\u00f3st er a\u00f0 m\u00f6rgum spurningum er enn \u00f3svara\u00f0 um r\u00fastirnar \u00e1 Litlu N\u00fapum. Uing.<\/p>\n

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Einnig m\u00e1 sj\u00e1 afmarka\u00f0a reiti su\u00f0-austan vi\u00f0 beitarh\u00fasat\u00f3ftina (ofan til h\u00e6gri \u00e1 mynd). Mynd: \u00c1rni Einarsson.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
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Litlu N\u00fapar. Vallargar\u00f0arnir og rei\u00f0g\u00f6turnar eru sk\u00fdrar sem og ferningslaga ger\u00f0i sem ekki er lj\u00f3st hva\u00f0a hlutverki gengdu. Mynd: \u00c1rni Einarsson<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
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Litlu N\u00fapar. Beitarh\u00fasin efst til h\u00e6gri. Mynd: \u00c1rni Einarsson.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
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Litlu N\u00fapar \u00ed A\u00f0aldal. Horft fr\u00e1 flugvellinum \u00ed A\u00f0aldalshrauni.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hi\u00f0 \u00deingeyska fornleifaf\u00e9lag st\u00f3\u00f0 a\u00f0 fornleifaranns\u00f3knum \u00e1 Litlu N\u00fapum \u00ed A\u00f0aldal n\u00fa \u00ed sumar og lauk \u00feeim ranns\u00f3knum fyrir sk\u00f6mmu. \u00deegar keyrt er til H\u00fasav\u00edkur \u00far su\u00f0ri, fram hj\u00e1 flugvellinum \u00ed A\u00f0aldalshrauni reka gl\u00f6ggir fer\u00f0alangar gjarnan augun \u00ed fornlegar r\u00fastir \u00ed gr\u00f6sugum hvammi austan megin vi\u00f0 Lax\u00e1, gegnt flugvellinum. R\u00fastirnar fanga auga\u00f0, ekki s\u00edst vegna … <\/p>\n

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